Extend the Ubuntu partition size with available free space in Windows ( Dual boot system)

 Scenario:

I have dual boot system with Windows 8 and Ubuntu. Ubuntu partition has very less space 15 GB so I was unable to install and run the programs effectively. I had 100 GB free on other partition so I merged that free space into Ubuntu partition. I followed the following steps which worked fine for me without losing anything. (*Pics are for reference)

STEPS: 

1.  Boot the computer with the Linux live CD or USB.

2. Start GParted in live Ubuntu session, Most of the cases installed , if not than install from software manager.

3. If you have swap partition(s), right click on it/them and select swapoff (Edit: you can skip this as your snapshot does not show any swap used), 

4.  As Gparted  can add the space from space preceding and space following, we need to add the empty unallocated partition ahead of Ubuntu partition.

5.(WARNING: moving /boot partition may cause boot failure!) Now right click your extended partition /dev/sda2 (in your case) and select Resize/Move option, and drag the slider left to cover the unallocated space. Repeat the process with /dev/sda5 to cover the space created in the extended partiton. And then click the Resize/Move button, 

6.   After specifying such move and resize options, from the menu select Edit -> Apply All Operationsor click the apply button in the toolbar. The resize and particularly move option will take a long time depending on the size of the files to be moved. So wait patiently. 

7.      After creating unallocated partition before the Ubuntu partition you can add those partition as on step 5 &6 to its main partition. You can on the Swap by right clicking on the Swap partiion.

8.      You should then be done! Reboot to see if every thing is fine. If something went wrong and  you're unable to boot, try boot-repair to fix it.

9.     Install Boot-Repair in Ubuntu

Ø  connect to the Internet

Ø  open a new Terminal, then type the following commands (press Enter after each line):

Ø  sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair

Ø  sudo apt-get update

Ø  sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair && boot-repair

10. Launch Boot-Repair from either :

1. the Dash (the Ubuntu logo at the top-left of the screen)
2. or by typing 'boot-repair' in a terminal

11. Then click the "Recommended repair" button. When repair is finished, note the URL (paste.ubuntu.com/XXXXX) that appeared on a paper, then reboot and check if you recovered access to your OSs. If the repair did not succeed, indicate the URL to people who help you by email or forum.

12. It may be that Windows option may not be displayed in Grub. On that case open the Ubuntu and go to Terminal and update the Grub.
 sudo apt-get update grub

13. It may be that you are getting window option but on clicking it , new windows comes stating you to repair your window due to some corruption on. If it occurs follow the following steps:

•     Insert the live CD or USB for your windows and boot from it by changing boot sequence from your BIOS
• Select to repair the windows and move to the Command line repair mode from the advance option.
•  In the command line, type the following command to fix your boot error

        bootrec /fixmbr
        bootrec /fixboot
        bootrec /rebuildbcd

•  Exit from the command line and reboot your computer in normal mode.

14. Hopefully now you might get extended partition without losing your data.

Recovering unallocated space of a USB flash drive.

Let’s remove unallocated space. First of all run Windows command line and type diskpart in the command prompt. Windows will ask you for Administrator permissions to run the tool. Then run list disk command to find your USB flash disk’s number. It should be the same as disk’s number in Computer Management tool. It was 1 in my case. Next you should chose the disk to work with. Type select disk <disk number> command, e.g.select disk 1. The next step is to clean all volumes and partitions on the disk. Use clean command to do that. The last step is to create a primary partition. You can do that using create partition primary command. That’s all. You should be able to format your flash disk now.

This is how I removed unallocated space on my machine:

Microsoft DiskPart version 6.2.9200

Copyright (C) 1999-2012 Microsoft Corporation.
On computer: COMPUTER

DISKPART> list disk

  Disk ###  Status         Size     Free     Dyn  Gpt
  --------  -------------  -------  -------  ---  ---
  Disk 0    Online          298 GB      0 B
  Disk 1    Online         7509 MB  6619 MB

DISKPART> select disk 1

Disk 1 is now the selected disk.

DISKPART> clean

DiskPart succeeded in cleaning the disk.

DISKPART> create partition primary

DiskPart succeeded in creating the specified partition.

DISKPART> exit

Flash Drive Not Detected

Some times our computer do not obey us and do not want to detect mass storage device.At that time just treat it this way,,

1.Open device manager (if by run terminal than type devmgmt.msc)

   or directly right click on my computer and choose manage

   -on that select device manager

2.Go to universal serial bus controller

3.Select  mass storage and through right click on it uninstall it.

4.Restart your computer

5.Now  ur computer will automatically install device driver software for it

 Best of luck

WAY TO DOWNLOAD VIDEO FROM YOUTUBE USING LINUX

It seems easy to download video from youtube when we use windows but for linux it is some what hard,,but there is solution of many problem in internet.

We use terminal in linux  to download video from youtube and it's URL.Here is some method ,,

sudo apt-get install youtube-dl

youtube-dl  http://www.youtube.com/video/url/ 

But some time we find like this problem..

Retrieving video webpage... done.
Extracting URL "t" parameter... failed.
Error: unable to extract URL "t" parameter.
Try again several times. It may be a temporary problem.
Other typical problems:

* Video no longer exists.
* Video requires age confirmation but you did not provide an account.
* You provided the account data, but it is not valid.
* The connection was cut suddenly for some reason.
* YouTube changed their system, and the program no longer works.

It may be due to mistake in URL  or most probably due to not updted youtube-dl which is requires for download.
You can update it by either

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:nilarimogard/webupd8
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install youtube-dl

Or 

manually download the .deb files if you want.

and than follwing aagin the above mentioned command..

Have once download...

Solution for :Unable to formatting Flash drive (RAW format)

If u r not able to format ur flash drive  using windows ,than check it's properties..and find some conclusion.

It may be seen like as..

 

i

We can can conclude from it that file system of flash drive has been changed,,

Now try to format it using CMD(Command Prompt) ..

But   when this case happen to me I was unable to format using CMD.Than I tried from disk management option available in computer management which we use while partition of our  hard drive.There I saw that flash drive was as unallocated volume ,than I right clicked on it where I got option at top  of making new volume as when we get  at time of partiton of our drive after it get's unallocated .(Formatting option of here may not work),Than dialogue box will be shown,.go on selecting FAT format and ur removale drive wil be in usable format..

Best of luck..

For any query please comment

Assembly language Programm for Interfacing LM35 with 8051controller using ADC0808

Temperature of surrounding is sensed by temperature sensor and it send it's o/p as DC voltage to Analog to digital Converter 0808 through which we give 8 bit value of that voltage to microcontrller 8051.After it's processing it is displayed in LCD ...

ASSEMBLY   LANGUAGE     PROGRAM FOR

                        WEATHER   MONITORING  SYSTEM

                   USING:: 1. MICROCONTROLLER  89C61X2

                                   2.ADC 0808

                               3. TEMPERATURE SENSOR LM35D

;================================================= ==============;

org 0000h

BEGIN:

mov A,#38h                                                ;initialie 2 line LCD

ACALL command

mov A,#0ch                                                  ;LCD on cursor off

ACALL command

mov A,#01h                                                 ;clear LCD

ACALL command

mov A,#06h                                                 ;Shift cursor right

ACALL command

mov A,#'T'

ACALL DISPLY

mov A,#'E'

ACALL DISPLY

mov A,#'M'

ACALL DISPLY

mov A,#'P'            

ACALL DISPLY

mov A,#'='

ACALL DISPLY

 ACALL ADC

ACALL BINTOASC

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;DISPLAY ASCII NUMBERS;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

mov A,#06h                                                         ;Shift cursor right

ACALL command

mov A,34h                                                        ;Disply MSb of ASCII

ACALL DISPLY

mov A,#06h                                                      ;Shift cursor right

ACALL command

mov A,33h                                                       ;Display middle ASCII

ACALL DISPLY

mov A,#06h                                                     ;Shift cursor right

ACALL command

mov A,32h                                                       ;DISPLAY LSb ASCII

ACALL DISPLY

mov A,#'d'

ACALL DISPLY

mov A,#'C'

ACALL DISPLY

acall delay

acall delay

acall dac                                    ;for analog conversion;;;;

acall delay

sjmp BEGIN                               ;Jump to the top repeat the whole process

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;TO INITIALIZE LCD BY;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

command:

ACALL READY                                   ;Is LCD ready

mov p0,A                                             ;Issu command

clr p2.7                                           ;RS=0 for comand instruction

clr p2.6                                          ;R/W=0 to write LCD

setb p2.5                                        ;H->L for to latch information in at data lines

clr p2.5

ret

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;TO DISPLAY USER DATA;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

DISPLY:

ACALL READY

mov p0,A                                      ;Issu data

setb p2.7                                       ;RS=1 for data

clr p2.6                                         ;R/W=0 to write LCD

setb p2.5                                     ;H->L for to latch information in at data lines

clr p2.5

ret

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;TO CHECK LCD READY TO RECIEVE DATA TO SHOW;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

READY:

setb p0.7

clr p2.7                                                ;RS=0 for command register

setb p2.6                                             ;R/W=1 to read command register

BACK:

clr p2.5                                              ;H->L to latch the data

setb p2.5

jb p0.7,BACK                                 ;Busy flag(P1.7)=1 indicates LCD is not ready to recieve data

ret

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;READS ADC DATA;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

ADC:

mov p1,#0ffh                                  ; taking port p1 As data input port

clr p3.2                                                    ;L->H for ALE enable

clr p3.5                                                    ;clr sc

setb p3.3                                                     ; for eoc

setb p3.2                                                     ; for ale

clr p3.4                                                         ;oe pin

clr p3..2

setb p3.5                                                          ;SC=1->0

nop

clr p3.5                                                  ;H->L to start conversion

WAIT:

JB p3.3,WAIT                                         ;Wait for end of conversion EOC

 setb p3.4                                              ;OE 1->0 to enable output from ADC

acall delay

mov A,p1                                                       ;Read data

MOV 35H,A

setb p3.4                                                  ;To disable read to start next conversion

setb p3.3                                                    ;eoc

ret

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;BINARY TO ASCII CONVERSION;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

BINTOASC:

mov A,35h                                                          ;Input from ADC

mov B,#10                                                           ;Divide by 10

div AB

mov r0,B                                                              ;Move remainder into R0

mov B,#10

div AB                                                                   ;Divide quatient by 10

mov r1,b                                                              ;Move remainder in R1

mov r2,A                                                              ;Move quatient in R2

mov A,r1                                                              ;Move second BBCD in A

swap A

orl A,r0                                            ;OR 3rd & 2nd BCD to form compact BCD

mov 30h,A                                       ;Saves 2nd&3rd BCD at RAM location 30h

mov 31h,r2                                         ;Saves 1st BCD at RAM location 31

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;CONVERTION FROM BCD TO ASCII;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

mov A,30h                                     ;Takes 2nd&3rd BCD from RAM location 30h

ANL A,#0fh                                           ;Mask the upper NIBBLE

orl A,#30h                                              ;Convert lower nibble in ASCII

mov 32h,A                                       ;Save MSb ASCII at RAM location 32H

mov A,30h                                       ;Move BCD into A from RAM location 30H

anl A,#0f0h                                         ;Mask lower NIBBLE of BCD

swap A                                            ;Interchange lower and higher NIBBLE

orl A,#30h                                            ;Convert it in ASCII

mov 33h,A                                          ;Save 2nd ASCII at RAM location 33H

mov A,31h                                        ;Takes 1st BCD from RAM location 31H

anl A,#0fh                                           ;Masks upper nibble

orl A,#30h                                           ;COnvert into ASCII

mov 34h,A                                        ;Saves MSb ASCII at RAM location 34H

ret

;;;;;;;converting data into analog form again;;;;;;;;;;;;;

dac:

    mov a,35h

                mov p1,#00h                                   ;port p1 as o/p port

                setb p3.7                                             ;dac write pin

                acall delay

                mov p1,a

                acall delay

                 ;clr p3.7

                 ret

;;;;;;;dealay required for program;;;;;

DELAY:   mov r0,#255

  loop1:    mov r1,#255

                  LOOP:djnz r1,loop

            djnz r0,loop1

  ret

end

How The Crystal Oscillator Starts Oscillating..

Quartz crystal oscillator that we use in micro-controller lab oscillates giving constant frequency.Have u thought how does it starts oscillating.

As far as I know ,a crystal of quartz is properly cut and mounted so that it can be made to distort in an electric field by applying a voltage to an electrode near or on the crystal.This property is known as piezoelectricity.This means we apply certain voltage at starting  and than after due to piezoelectric effect it continue oscillating.  When the field is removed, the quartz will generate an electric field as it returns to its previous shape, and this can generate a voltage. 

It means, pin of micro-controller at first supply voltage..what do u think??